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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortem | om jorto |
| 2SG: | jortet | ot jorto |
| 3SG: | jorta | ok/ogeš jorto |
| 1PL: | jortena | ona/ogə̑na jorto |
| 2PL: | jorteda | oda/ogə̑da jorto |
| 3PL: | jortat | ogə̑t jorto |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortə̑šə̑m | šə̑m jorto |
| 2SG: | jortə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jorto |
| 3SG: | jortə̑š | ə̑š jorto |
| 1PL: | jortə̑šna | ə̑šna jorto |
| 2PL: | jortə̑šda | ə̑šda jorto |
| 3PL: | jortə̑št | ə̑št jorto |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortenam | jorten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jortenat | jorten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jorten | jorten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jortenna | jorten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jortenda | jorten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jortenə̑t | jorten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortem ə̑l'e | om jorto ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortet ə̑l'e | ot jorto ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jorta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jorto ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jorto ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jorteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jorto ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jortat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jorto ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortem ulmaš | om jorto ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jortet ulmaš | ot jorto ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jorta ulmaš | ok/ogeš jorto ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jortena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jorto ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jorteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jorto ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jortat ulmaš | ogə̑t jorto ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortenam ə̑l'e | jorten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortenat ə̑l'e | jorten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jorten ə̑l'e | jorten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortenna ə̑l'e | jorten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jortenda ə̑l'e | jorten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jorten ə̑l'e | jorten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortenam ulmaš | jorten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jortenat ulmaš | jorten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jorten ulmaš | jorten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jortenna ulmaš | jorten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jortenda ulmaš | jorten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jorten ulmaš | jorten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jorto | it jorto |
| 3SG: | jortə̑žo | ə̑nže jorto |
| 1PL: | (jortena) | (ona/ogə̑na jorto) |
| 2PL: | jortə̑za | ida jorto |
| 3PL: | jortə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jorto |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortə̑nem | ə̑nem jorto |
| 2SG: | jortə̑net | ə̑net jorto |
| 3SG: | jortə̑neže | ə̑než jorto |
| 1PL: | jortə̑nena | ə̑nena jorto |
| 2PL: | jortə̑neda | ə̑neda jorto |
| 3PL: | jortə̑nešt | ə̑nešt jorto |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jortə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jorto ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jortə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jorto ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jortə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jorto ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jortə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jorto ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jortə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jorto ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jortə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jorto ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jortə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net jorto ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jortə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než jorto ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jortə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda jorto ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jortə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jorto ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jortaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jortə̑man |
| Active participle: | jortə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | jortə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jortə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | jortə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jorten |
| Negative gerund: | jortə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | jortə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jortə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jortə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jortə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | jortə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||